Eicher

Hürlimann's standard tractor production ended in 1990, leaving only the specialized tractors for fruit and wine growing in the power range of 35–80 hp. However, to increase sales volumes, an agreement was made with the Same Group for painting Hürlimanns blue for the Eicher network.

Models 2070-2090 corresponded to Hürlimann H-468 – H-488T Prestige (Lamborghini Grand Prix). Model 2100 corresponded to Hürlimann's H-4105 Elite model (Lamborghini 105 Formula).

The standard equipment was more comprehensive than in Hürlimann and Lamborghini tractors. All models featured a water-cooled 4.0-liter engine and a 40+40 gearbox with factory-installed creep gears and power shift. The lifting device had an additional cylinder as standard, providing a lifting capacity of 4800 kg.

This phase of Eicher’s history lasted only a couple of years. In 1992, Eicher went bankrupt, and the newly established Eicher Landmaschinen-Vertriebs GmbH did not continue cooperation with the Same Group. Production of specialized tractors continued until 2002, when Eicher manufacturing in Germany ended after 125,000 tractors had been produced.

Tractors

Eicher 2070-2100

Eicher sales had dropped significantly during the MF years. In 1982, Massey Ferguson relinquished ownership of Eicher due to its own financial difficulties, and the new owner became the Indian Eicher Goodearth, which had originally been Eicher’s Indian subsidiary.

The Wotan 3000 series resembled MF’s later introduced 2000 series in appearance, but technical similarities were minimal. Eichers had their own air-cooled 6-cylinder engines. The turbo models were equipped with wastegate turbochargers.

The transmission was a ZF 20+9 and the top speed was now 40 km/h. Lift capacity was considerably increased to 6.6 tons. In 1989, an electric hydraulic lift became standard equipment. The front axle was a ZF with a power take-off shaft running on the side and friction lock. In the final years’ models, the turning circle diameter decreased from 11.8 meters to 10.2 meters.

Eicher 3108-3145

In 1982, the 3000 series was introduced to replace the 4000 series, featuring Eicher's own air-cooled EDL engines. Compared to Perkins engines, torque and especially the increase in torque figures were slightly lower. The 3075 and 3088 models had turbocharged engines – quite rare for air-cooled types.

The models became increasingly similar. The 3056 was technically close to its predecessor. The 3048 and 3066 differed only in terms of engine power. The four-cylinder "Mammut models" were clearly more robust.

The powertrain was still based on MF technology. There were 16+4 gears, and the main gears were synchronized. A 40 km/h powertrain was available. The front axle was a ZF unit with a side-mounted drive shaft and a friction lock. Drum brakes were fitted on the front axle of two-wheel drive models, and disc brakes on four-wheel drive models. The power take-off on 3-cylinder models offered either 540/1000 or 540/750 rpm speeds. On 4-cylinder models, 3 speeds were possible simultaneously.

The cab came standard with a Webasto heater. Gear levers were positioned on the side. Noise levels were slightly below 90 dB. The front wheels remained relatively small.

Eicher 3048-3088

Also during MF ownership, Eicher's small tractors designed for fruit and wine cultivation had Eicher's own air-cooled engine. In 1977, the 30-horsepower Eicher 330 was introduced, which brought special tractor technology into a standard tractor. In 1982, it was replaced by the 335, featuring a new generation engine.

The transmission was an 11+2-speed Hurth with crawler gears standard. The power take-off was standard. Lifting capacity was 1200 kg and the lifting device had push rod sensing.

In 1987, the 3035 and the 3-cylinder 3042 were introduced. New technologies included hydrostatic steering and a PTO speed of 750 rpm. In 1990, a 48-horsepower version of the 3042 was also introduced.

Eicher 330-3042

In 1978, Eicher's smaller models also adopted angular designs. The 4038-4072 models were equipped with Perkins engines. The 3085 featured a 3.9-liter air-cooled Eicher engine, indicated by a model number starting with 3.

The transmission was inherited from MF, but except for the 4038, the gearbox was equipped with a reduction gear, resulting in 16+4 speeds. The main gears were synchronized. All models had an auxiliary hydraulic pump, whose combined output with the main pump provided a flow rate of over 60 l/min. Except for the rear-wheel-drive 4038 and 4048 models, steering was hydrostatic.

All models could be fitted with a factory-installed cab, although the noise level was still quite high. Compared to MF 200 series models, Eicher tractors were noticeably more expensive.

Eicher 4038-3085

The Wotan 3105/3133, introduced in Eicher's tractor lineup in 1977, was a major step forward in modern technology. This was also emphasized by the completely new angular design. These models did not use MF's technology. The engine was Eicher's air-cooled 5.9-liter. Power output was 105 hp, and 133 hp in the turbo model.

The fully synchronized transmission had 16+7 gears. The ZF T-3000 series transmission was also used by Fendt, Deutz-Fahr, and IH. The brakes were dry disc brakes. PTO speeds were 540 and 1000 rpm. Lifting capacity was about 5 tons. The front axle, manufactured by ZF, featured a friction lock.

The 3105/3133 were the first Eicher tractors to have a manufacturer-designed cab mounted on rubber dampers. The gear levers were positioned to the driver's right. The fuel tank capacity was 250 liters.

Eicher 3105-3133

The new Eicher Mammut of 1974 was clearly a lighter class tractor than the previous model. Technically, it corresponded to MF's model 155, which still used the 3.33-liter engine from the early version 165 and dry disc brakes. The transmission was synchronized 8+2. Hydraulic output remained at 19 liters and lifting capacity at 1800 kilograms. The only PTO speed was 540 rpm. Hydrostatic steering was an optional extra. The Mammut was also available as a four-wheel drive model.

The 65-horsepower Mammut II featured a newer 3.86-liter engine, oil-bath brakes, and a longer wheelbase than the MF 168 model.

Above the Mammut, a new model name was introduced: Büffel. Its engine was the 4.06-liter from the 185. Power was 72 hp in the rear-wheel-drive model and 74 hp in the four-wheel drive. As the only 74-hp Eicher, the four-wheel drive Büffel’s transmission was equipped with a quick shift and had 12+4 gears. Eichers were still by default equipped only with rollover protection frames. Basic cabs were sourced from external manufacturers.

Eicher Mammut, Büffel 74

More from this manufacturer

Eicher started tractor manufacturing in Bavaria in 1937. Before the war, 20- and 22-horsepower models equipped with Deutz water-cooled diesel engines were launched on the market. This was followed in 1946 by a slightly improved 22-horsepower model. New features included, among others, a suspended front axle and ZF transmission (4+1). There was a shortage of materials, and only about 300 tractors were produced between 1945 and 1948.

The rare 30 model produced in 1949 and 1950 was exceptionally equipped with an MWM engine.

The L 28, introduced in 1950, was the first model equipped with an air-cooled Deutz engine. The following year, the 3-cylinder L 40 was introduced, featuring 42 hp.

Eicher 22 - L 40

In 1948, the popular ED 16 equipped with Eicher's first own engine was launched. The 1-cylinder, 1.4-liter air-cooled direct-injection diesel produced 16 hp. This engine was the first air-cooled diesel in a tractor, a couple of years before Deutz. Eicher already had prior experience with air-cooled aircraft engines. On the right side of the engine was the cooling air fan.

The ZF transmission initially had 4+1 gears, and from 1950 onwards, 5+1. A crawler gear was available as an option, as in most later Eicher models. The clutch in all Eichers was manufactured by F & S, and the steering gear almost always by ZF. Unlike many other German manufacturers, Eicher produced their own hydraulics.

In the ED 22 introduced in 1953, the cylinder bore was larger, producing 22 hp.

The first model equipped with a 2-cylinder Eicher engine was the short-lived ED 30 in 1955. It corresponded to the L 28 model except for the engine. The actual production model came the following year with the 2.8-liter ED 33. Both of these models had a four-wheel drive version, with wheels of equal size front and rear. The four-wheel drive was always engaged, and there was no differential between the front and rear axles, so maneuverability was not commendable.

A special feature of the 2-cylinder Eicher engine was the separate cooling fan for the cooling fins of each cylinder and the cylinder head. All models had a front axle suspended by two transverse leaf springs and a differential lock.

At this stage, Eicher also focused heavily on manufacturing tractor-mounted implements. For example, there was a wide range of plows and mowing machines. Tractor sales also went well, and the brand became respected. At its peak, Eicher was Germany’s 3rd most popular brand in 1957. Eicher production in India began in 1959.

Eicher ED 16 - ED 33

In 1953, smaller models EKL 11 and EKL 15 were introduced. The 11-horsepower model was equipped with a 1-cylinder Deutz engine, and the 15/16-horsepower model with a 1-cylinder Eicher engine. The transmission was a ZF 5+1. The EKL 11 featured a standard PTO. Unlike the larger models, these did not have front axle suspension. Hydraulics, three-point hitch, and electrical system were optional extras. With over 12,000 units produced, the EKL 15 was the most produced Eicher tractor of the 1950s.

In 1956, the ED 13 was introduced, featuring a smaller, 1.3-liter 1-cylinder Eicher engine and a ZF 6+1 transmission.

Also introduced in 1956, the lightweight LH 12 equipped with a Hatz engine was the last Eicher to have an externally sourced engine. The 12-horsepower tractor weighed only 770 kg. A special feature of this model was the electrically operated three-point hitch.

Eicher EKL 11 - EKL 15

Like many other German manufacturers, Eicher introduced a implement carrier in 1953, named the Eicher Kombi G 16. The engine was a 1-cylinder 1.4-liter Eicher diesel with 15 hp, and the transmission was a Hurth 5+1. Power was transmitted to the mid-lift device by chain. The differential lock was standard. Production was delayed when Lanz raised objections due to excessive similarities with their Alldog.

In 1955, the original G 16 model was replaced by the more powerful G 19. In 1957, it was joined by the 22-horsepower G 22. These later had a crawler gear as standard, increasing the number of gears to 6+1. A mechanical 10-degree steering angle was available as an option for the rear axle, allowing the wheels to run on different tracks.

In 1956, a smaller model, the Muli G 13, equipped with a 13-horsepower Hatz diesel engine, was introduced. Its wheelbase was 35 cm shorter than the larger models.

Starting in 1958, the updated G 160 and G 200 models received a new generation of higher-speed, short-stroke Eicher diesels and a ZF transmission (6+1). The G 200 engine was 2-cylinder, as was the 1960 introduced G 280, which also featured a new 8+4 transmission. In 1962, the same transmission was fitted to the G 220, which replaced the smaller models. The G 280 was clearly the most popular Eicher implement carrier.

Between 1964 and 1968, third-generation models Kombi G 25, G 30, and G 40 were produced. The largest engine was 3-cylinder. The G 30 and G 40 were also available with draft control.

Eicher Kombi G 16 - G280

Introduced in 1955, the ED 40 was equipped with a 3.1-liter enlarged 2-cylinder Eicher diesel engine. The ED 42, which was a few horsepower more powerful, was its four-wheel-drive model.

The 1957 ED 50 was Eicher's first model equipped with their own 3-cylinder engine. The engine had a displacement of 4.7 liters, the same as in the more powerful ED 60, which was a more robust model in many other aspects.

In the 60-horsepower class, however, the first Eicher had been the L 60 developed in cooperation with Deutz and Fahr, equipped with a Deutz engine. Its engine was the first Eicher engine to be part of the load-bearing structure. The biggest differences of the model compared to its sibling models were in the bodywork.

Eicher ED 40 - ED 60

In 1958, the first models of the new predator series were introduced, as well as intermediate models ED 110…ED 215, whose design already closely resembled the next lineup. The model designations referred to the number of cylinders, cylinder diameter, and ZF transmission model. The ED 110/II was equipped with a Hurth 6+1 transmission instead of ZF. The ZF transmissions featured a new dog clutch. There was also a four-wheel drive version of the ED 215, with 10-24 tires on the front and rear.

The hood shape of the new models was onion-shaped. A new optional feature was front PTO. The most successful model in the lineup was the ED 110/II, the successor to the EKL 15. On some export markets, the four smallest models were sold under the model names E 17, E 20, E 24, and E 35.

Eicher ED 110/II - ED 215/16

Since 1958, Eicher introduced new engines and a new tractor model range, which was called the predator series according to the model names. The hoods had rounded lines and the grille was aluminum. The engines were significantly shorter stroke than before, and the RPM increased from 1500/1600 to 2000.

The 19-horsepower Panther was a 2-cylinder, whereas previous models with the same power had been 1-cylinder. The transmission was a ZF 6+1, and the top speed was 20 km/h. The Panther featured drum brakes, a PTO, a differential lock, and a leaf spring front axle. In 1962, the power increased to 22 horsepower and the transmission was upgraded to a stronger model.

In 1960, Eicher introduced its last 1-cylinder model, the 15-horsepower Leopard. Its transmission was a ZF 6+2. The three-point hitch was an optional accessory.

Eicher Leopard, Panther

Introduced in 1958, the Tiger was the second of the first models in Eicher's new predator series. The engine was a new short-stroke 2-cylinder 2.0-liter. It had 25 hp. The transmission was a modern ZF 8+4.

The following year, the 3-cylinder Königstiger was added alongside, with 35 hp. The Königstiger featured a standard power take-off system.

The renewed 1962 model lineup is recognized by the lights moved to the side of the engine hood. Other changes included increased power, new steering, battery placement under the hood, and an optional 28 km/h version. In 1963, a four-wheel-drive model of the Königstiger was introduced. The drive shaft ran along the side. Another 1963 innovation was the Tiger II, positioned between the Tiger and Königstiger, with a 3-cylinder engine producing 32 hp.

Also in the same power category as the Tiger was Eicher's first narrow model, the Puma, introduced in 1960. Narrow tractors for vineyard and orchard cultivation became a significant product group for Eicher going forward.

Eicher's tractor production peak was in 1965, with over 9,000 tractors manufactured. The Tiger and Königstiger were Eicher's most popular models, with nearly 20,000 units of each produced by 1968.

Eicher Tiger, Königstiger

Introduced in 1959, the 45-horsepower Mammut was the most powerful model of the original predator series. However, its 3-cylinder 4.3-liter engine was still from the older series, unlike the smaller models. The transmission, on the other hand, was state-of-the-art, a ZF 8+4.

The Mammut II, introduced with the 1962 model update, received a new generation 4-cylinder high-speed engine. It produced 55 hp. The original Mammut remained alongside until 1964, when it also received a new engine in a lower power version. In 1963, the four-wheel-drive Mammut II Allrad was introduced, which was Eicher's first four-wheel-drive model after a few years’ break. The front axle was supplied by ZF, and the power take-off was on the right side.

In 1966, the Mammut HR was introduced, featuring a hydrostatic transmission. Its manufacturer was the British company Dowty. Only just over 50 units of these models were produced.

Eicher Mammut

The last series of Eicher tool carrier models, Unisuper, was introduced in 1966. The three-point linkage was now equipped with separate hydraulics instead of the previous chain drive. There were three models: G 250, G 300, and G 400. At least in the Netherlands, the G400 was sold under the power rating designation G 420. The smaller models had Eicher’s 2-cylinder 2.0-liter diesel engine, and the largest had a 3-cylinder 2.9-liter engine. The transmission was a ZF 8+4. The G 300 and G 400 featured a PTO independent of the driving clutch and a hydraulic piston pump.

The clearly most popular model in the series was the G 400, which was also sold under the name Deutz Unisuper 4001 equipped with Deutz's own engine.

Eicher Unisuper G 250 - G 420

The smallest of the renewed 1968 Eicher lineup was the Tiger, available as a 2-cylinder 28 hp and a 3-cylinder 35 hp version. Similarly, the Königstiger was offered in a 3-cylinder 45 hp and a 4-cylinder 52 hp model. The gearbox was the same ZF 8+4 as before, but the gear levers were innovatively moved to the right side.

The dual clutch was now standard. There were two clutch pedals side by side. One first disengaged the driving transmission and with further pressure engaged the power take-off, the other did the opposite. All models had a 20-liter hydraulic pump, a lifting capacity of 1445 kilograms, and PTO speeds of 540 and 1000. Three hydraulic valves were now available. Draft control operated through the push rod. Königstiger models were also available with four-wheel drive.

The engine hood was wider and slightly more angular than before. The red stripes had been replaced by white stripes on the side of the hood. Instead of the former leaf spring, the front axle had rubber suspension.

At the end of the 1960s, the Eicher family sold 30% of the company to Massey Ferguson, and later the share increased to 99.7%. MF built a new factory for Eicher that started operations in 1972. The first step in introducing MF technology to Eichers was the adoption of the MF 135 transmission in the Tiger and the MF 155 transmission in the Königstiger II. The Multipower quick shift was always standard on the Königstigers and was designated HS (Hydraulische Schaltgetriebe) on Eicher. MF technology brought a significant increase in lifting capacity. Four-wheel drive models still continued at this stage with Eicher transmissions.

Eicher did not extract very high power from their engines. In the 1969 model, the updated Mammut's 3.9-liter direct injection diesel power increased to 62 horsepower. The following year it rose to 65 hp, and in 1971 Eicher introduced their first turbocharged model. The Mammut HS/TL had 75 hp.

The Mammut transmission was still ZF’s 8+4 or hydrostatic HR. The 1971 HS model was a completely different tractor. Massey Ferguson, which had become Eicher's owner, began to bring its own technology into Eichers, and in the HS and HS/TL models, the powertrain was sourced from the MF 185. The Multipower quick shift was always standard and was marked on Eicher as HS (Hydraulische Schaltgetriebe). The four-wheel drive model continued with the Eicher/ZF powertrain.

In 1968, Eicher introduced its first four-wheel-drive model. Named after a prehistoric god rather than an animal, the Wotan came in 80 and 95 horsepower versions, both available with rear- or four-wheel drive. The engine was 5.89 liters in displacement. The transmission was a partially synchronized ZF T 335, also used by, among others, IH and Schlüter. It had 12+5 gears (the highest gear did not work in reverse) and with crawler gears 16+7.

In 1973, Wotan’s power rose to 100 horsepower. Massey Ferguson sold this model in some countries under the name MF W II.

Eicher Mammut, Wotan

The 1974 model range switched to Perkins engines. The Tiger used the 2.36-liter 3-cylinder engine with 35 hp previously used in the MF 133. The Königstiger’s engine was the 2.5-liter 45-horsepower unit from the 135. Both had MF’s 8+2 transmission. However, the Königstiger’s main gears were synchronized. Road speed was about 25 km/h.

Both the Tiger and Königstiger were lighter and had shorter wheelbases than earlier models with the same names, although the Königstiger had the longer wheelbase of the MF 148. The lifting capacity of just over 1.5 tons was smaller than that of the predecessors.

In 1975, a four-wheel drive version of the Königstiger was introduced. Hydrostatic steering was available as an option.

In the same power class, Eicher also had a wide range of specialty tractors for viticulture and fruit growing, which continued to use Eicher’s own air-cooled engines. MF also incorporated these models into their lineup in markets where there was demand for specialty tractors.

Eicher Tiger, Königstiger 74

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