The American versions of the 30-series replaced the 20-series in the autumn of 1972. The engines were tougher than before, and lift capacity had been increased. There were three transmission options: an 8+2 Syncro-Range, a 16+6 Quad-Range and an 8+4 Power Shift, in which all gears could now be shifted without using the clutch. Even the standard gearbox featured an oil-bath clutch. As usual, the hydraulic system was closed. The most powerful model in the range was the 166-horsepower 4630, which was not offered in Europe. The smallest model, the 4030, was fitted with the same 6.6-litre engine in Europe as the larger machines, whereas in the USA it had a 5.4-litre engine. Gasoline-engine versions were still available in the USA. The cab was a revolutionary rounded Sound Gard design with a noise level of 82 dB.

In 1973, hydrostatic four-wheel drive was introduced.

In 1976, an improved, climate-controlled Sound Gard cab with a noise level under 80 dB was launched. At the same time, the European line-up was expanded with a more powerful 4630 whose intercooled engine produced 180 hp. Models 4230 and 4430 were built in Germany in 1976–77.

The most powerful JD of that era was the 6030, with 212 hp. Its turbocharged engine displaced 8.7 litres and it had an 8+2 transmission. The cab offered for the 6030 was simpler than the Sound Gard.

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