Ebro

The larger models of the Ebro 6000 series were redesigned in 1981. The exterior was new, as was the cab, and overall comfort of use was improved. The 6100 now had more power—115 HP was reported in Spain; the table shows the figures given for the German market. The 6090’s wheelbase was lengthened. The engagement of four‐wheel drive and differential lock was hydraulic. The front axle was a Carraro unit with a central pivot. The 6080 remained in the lineup only until 1983. In 1986 two power‐limited models were introduced: the 6095 and the 6115.

During the 6000‐series era, Ebro’s sales in Central Europe reached their peak. For example, sales began in Germany in 1984, and about half of the annual output of 32,000 tractors was exported. In 1986 Ebro’s tractor production passed into Kubota’s ownership, and the smaller models were replaced by Kubotas. In 1988 the 8070, 8100, 8110, and 8135 were introduced; compared with the 6000 series, they featured upgraded hydraulics and improved drivetrains. The last Ebro tractors were the H 100, H 115, and H 135 built between 1991 and 1994; instead of Perkins engines, they used 6.0‐liter units adapted from Nissan’s Spanish‐market delivery‐van engines. In total, just over 300,000 Ebro tractors were manufactured.

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Tractors

Ebro 6080-6125

At the 1978 SIMA exhibition, Ebro introduced an entirely new 6000-series tractor lineup, initially consisting of models 6080, 6100, and 6120. The engines were Perkins, and the transmission was synchronized 12+4 except for the range shifter. The reverse speeds matched the mid-range speeds. The clutch was 14 inches. The steering was hydrostatic, and the brakes were oil-bath type. Also new for Ebro was the draft arm sensing. In 1980, four-wheel-drive models were added to the series, along with creep gears as an optional feature.

In 1979, ownership of Ebro transferred to Nissan, which was primarily interested in Ebro's light trucks and gaining access to the EU market through the factory.

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The small models of the Ebro 6000 series, the 6040, 6070, and 6079, were introduced in 1980. The engines were the most common Perkins models. The 3-cylinder had 8+2 gears, and the 4-cylinder models had 12+3 gears, with synchronized main gears.

In 1982, the 6040 was replaced by the more powerful 6045, which had more efficient hydraulics and multi-disc brakes. Later, two simplified four-cylinder models with 8+2 transmissions were introduced.

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Ebro 6040-6079

In Spain, technical requirements for tractors in the mid-1970s were not very demanding. As a result, the market leader Ebro continued by introducing new models based on Fordson Major technology. However, the engines were now from Perkins. The 470 had a 3.86-liter engine (71 hp) and the 480 a 4.06-liter engine (79 hp). The model designations were now made consistent with the previously introduced 684: the number of cylinders and horsepower. The transmission was an unsynchronized 6+2. For the first time, oil-immersed brakes were offered as an option. Other optional extras included a dual clutch and power steering. A new feature was the weight-transfer system called Qualitrol.

During the era of these models, Ebro’s export operations expanded into many Western European, Middle Eastern, and South American countries. In many of these markets, they used Massey Ferguson’s sales network. In Syria, the Al-Frat E470 model was still being produced into the 2010s. In Canada, final assembly of Ebros also took place in the late 1970s, and the tractors were sold under the McKee name.

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Ebro 470-480

Motor Ibérica bought Renault's Spanish tractor factory, and the result was two models introduced in 1977, the Ebro 350 and 460, which partly used the technology of earlier Spanish Renault models 57E and 88E. However, the engines were Perkins made by Motor Ibérica, with 47 and 62 hp. The transmission was Renault's synchronized 8+2, and the brakes were dry disc brakes.

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Ebro 350-460

For the year 1973, the appearance of the Fordson-based Ebros was updated to a more angular design, and the model designation was followed by an E. Both blue and red colors were available, the latter mostly for export markets. From 1975 onwards, all Ebros were blue.

The E models featured a new alternator. The drivetrain, with a 279 mm clutch disc, still came from the Fordson Major, as did the engine in the two smaller models. The 684 E was equipped with a 6-cylinder Perkins engine, mainly produced in Spain for marine engine use, whose cylinder dimensions were the same as those of the 4.203 engine.

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Ebro 155 E – 684 E

In 1971 the Ebro range was joined by models from its main shareholder, Massey Ferguson, which were built in Madrid. In fact, the 135 had already been assembled for Massey Ferguson since 1967. There were a few differences compared with the versions made in other countries. The 135 always had a 6+2 gearbox (or a 12+4 Multi-Power). The 147 was essentially the same tractor with an 8+2 gearbox and a couple of extra horsepower. The 157 was a slightly stripped-down version of the 165. The Spanish 165, in turn, was a 69-hp tractor equipped with the 3.86-litre A4.236 engine, but it featured dry disc brakes. Early 178s were apparently imported from England. A bit later, the 178 became largely equivalent to the international 185 model, but still retained dry disc brakes. The 188 had Multi-Power and oil-bath brakes. At least the 135, 165, 178 and 188 were also available in four-wheel-drive. This range remained in production into the early 1980s.

A tractor-crawler version based on the 178 was also produced, called the Ebro TC-75.

From 1974 to 1979 a six-cylinder, 98-hp MF 1195 Ebro was built, notable for its angular styling.

Starting in 1978 Motor Ibérica manufactured the models 245, 275, 285 and 297 in Spain, all sold under the Massey Ferguson name. The 1980s models included the 247, 267, 277 and 290. Massey Ferguson production in Spain ended in 1987, by which time approximately 70,000 units had been built.

Massey Ferguson combines were also part of Ebro’s production program. These included, among others, the 227 based on the 187, as well as the 427 and 527.

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Ebro 135-188

More from this manufacturer

Motor Ibérica was established in 1954 as a licensed manufacturer of Ford trucks and tractors in Spain. The country's industrial policy favored bringing production domestically. The tractor chosen was the Fordson Major without significant modifications, and it was named simply Ebro. The diesel engine was rated at 38 horsepower, which later increased to 42 and 44 horsepower. Changes made in England were introduced to Spain with a slight delay.

In 1961, the Super Ebro was introduced, corresponding to the Super Major, featuring disc brakes, a differential lock, a 13″ clutch, and drawbar load control.

In 1964, new models E 48 and Super 55 were introduced. In these, the engine speed was increased to 1800 rpm. Production of the Super 55 continued until 1972.

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Ebro, Super Ebro, E 48, Super 55

Ford decided not to renew its cooperation agreement with Motor Ibérica in 1965. The new partner became Massey Ferguson, which acquired 32% of Motor Ibérica. However, production of the Fordson-based models continued, and the new models were also based on Fordson technology, although the design resembled Massey Ferguson's style. The first was the Ebro 160 in 1967. Compared to the Ebro Super 55, the differences were mainly a more powerful engine and a dual clutch. In 1969, the Ebro 155 was introduced, which was even closer to the original Fordson.

In 1968, the Ebro 183 was introduced, featuring for the first time a Perkins engine: a 6-cylinder, 82-horsepower engine. This Spanish 5.0-liter 6.305 engine was not used in other tractor brands. The transmission was still from Fordson but reinforced where necessary. The dual clutch was standard. New features included power-assisted steering and a weight transfer system based on Massey Ferguson technology.

In 1970, improved models 155D, 160D, and 684 were introduced, the latter replacing the 183. These models had angular fenders, a new front axle, a padded seat, and key ignition start. The dual clutch in the 155D and 160D was still optional. Faster gear ratios for road driving were also available as an option.

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Ebro 155-684

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