In the 1990s, Rostselmash, which had been privatized, surprised everyone in 2004 by introducing the modern and refined Vector combine harvester. Its size was in the same class as the Niva. The threshing drum was 120 cm wide and, like the Don models, 80 cm in diameter. The cutting platform was between 5 and 9 meters wide, and the auger was hydraulically operated. The electrically adjustable feeder housing had a foot-operated quick drop to prevent clogging. The grain tank had a capacity of 60 hectoliters, and there were four concaves. The engine had been moved to the rear of the grain tank. The Vector 410 had an 11-liter YAMZ engine, and the Vector 420 a 6.7-liter Cummins. The Vectors were gray in color, but by 2015, they had also moved to a fresh red and white color scheme in line with later introduced model series. At the same time, the unloading pipe was lengthened. In North America, the Vector was sold under the Python brand.

The cab was a fairly modern Comfort Cab in Western countries, which in 2015 was replaced by the Comfort Cab II, featuring better sound insulation and controls more centralized around the armrest and joystick. On a cab pillar was a display called the Adviser Information System. Models from the 2020s feature a 10-inch Adviser III. Standard equipment on the 420 included a compressor for cleaning the combine as well as an auger speed that adjusted according to driving speed. The Vector received criticism for slow tank unloading and a chopper that produced coarse chaff and distributed it unevenly.

In 2012, the Vector 450 Track went into production, whose specialty was independent suspension for each support wheel of the tracks. Also available was the flexible Float Stream cutting platform, which Rostselmash had developed primarily for harvesting soybeans.

In 2017, the renewed Vector 425 was introduced, available in Stage IV and V versions. The most significant updates cited were a reinforced feeder housing, a more efficient chopper, and the Level Glide system—a suspension-based threshing mechanism that straightens itself on slight slopes.

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